Role of HPV in the landscape of oral cancer in India.

Oncological sciences have seen a remarkable evolution in the last few years. The last decade or so has seen rapid advancements in technology, leading to a better understanding of cancer biology and the development of newer therapeutics. One of the areas to benefit has been our comprehension of the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of head and neck cancers. While the association between HPV and cervical cancer is well established, its role in the development of oropharyngeal cancers is becoming increasingly recognized. In India, the consumption of tobacco is high, and as such, it still remains one of the leading causes of head and neck cancers in the country. The relevance of HPV infection in causing head and neck cancers needs further evaluation in the Indian context.